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Court papers have thrown light on how Google gives some firms early access to Android technology
The documents detail an internal Google discussion about how to make the most of the mobile operating system.
They explain the quasi-open nature of Android and reveal why it lets firms that keep to Google's specifications put products on sale first.
The policy assumes new significance given Google's bid to buy Motorola's mobile unit, say analysts.
Cashing in
Excerpts from the court papers were posted to the blog of patent expert Florian Mueller. The documents were filed to a US court as part of Google's defence in its legal wrangle with Oracle over some of the code in Android.
One page highlighted by Mr Mueller and labelled "Confidential and Proprietary" lists some of the ways Google profits despite Android being freely distributed.
It discusses the value of granting "early access" to partners who build and market devices to Google's standards and specifications.
The document cites the example of Motorola and US network Verizon.
This, argues Google, allows the companies to sell products that make use of new features and gives them a "time to market" advantage.
The page also mentions the idea of a "lead device" that would launch with a new version of the code already installed.
It also states baldly that to profit, Google should "not develop in the open". As has been seen with Android, Google prefers to get the code working internally before it is released more widely for others to tinker with.
What is not yet clear is when the papers were drawn up, whether it was during the early days of Android or more recently.
Mr Mueller said the mention of "early access" should worry firms making handsets that run Android. It suggests, he said, that Google has a "stated commitment to a non-level playing field".
A Google spokesperson said: "We have had a "lead device" strategy publicly for years with a variety of manufacturers including HTC and Samsung".
The spokesperson cited the example of Samsung's Nexus S - the lead device for the Gingerbread release of Android co-developed by Google and Samsung.
Pete Cunningham, principal analyst at market research firm Canalys, said the, "lead device" policy had operated since the earliest days of Android.
"Every time there's been a major launch of Android, there's been a 'hero' product that comes out with it," he said.
Before now that had not meant Google playing favourites even though being a lead device usually meant greater publicity and higher sales, said Mr Cunningham.
If Google gets permission to buy Motorola's mobile unit that might mean the end of the policy of giving different manufacturers lead device status, he said.
"If Motorola get that advantage consistently then alarm bells may start ringing at those other handset makers," he said.
For years, a wave of online competitors eroded Zagat's formidable empire of quotation-mark-happy reviews of restaurants and bars around the world. But on Thursday, Zagat found an ally in the biggest online giant of all, selling itself to Google.
The deal will unite Zagat, whose burgundy-covered guides were among the first examples of user-generated content, and Google, which has made local services one of its highest priorities.
Terms of the deal were not disclosed, but people briefed on the matter said that Google had paid $100 million to $200 million. Tim and Nina Zagat, who began the company by compiling restaurant ratings from friends into slim surveys more than three decades ago, will remain with the business.
The deal will most likely mean a lucrative payout for the Zagats, as well as for the private equity firm General Atlantic, which bought a third of the company in 2000. But it also raises questions about how Google will integrate Zagat, whose main offerings include its popular paper guidebooks and a paid subscription website.
Local online advertising is an increasingly lucrative market, one that analysts estimate to be about $140 billion a year. Google estimates that about 20 percent of its daily searches are for things that are nearby, and that percentage is even higher for queries made on mobile phones.
"All of these are users wondering where they should go, where they should spend their time, so to be able to offer accurate information is important, and that's why we've been getting focused on reviews," Marissa Mayer, Google's vice president for local, maps and location services, said in an interview.
Mayer said that Zagat's reviews would supplement Google's Places reviews, but that the publisher's Web home would remain a paid site for now.
"I think Marissa needs a little time to think about it," Tim Zagat said, "but the list of things to do here is pretty obvious."
Google said it would keep publishing the guidebooks for now. Tim Zagat said that the print books were "very profitable."
Mayer said that Google planned to expand Zagat's team, which now includes sales staff, fact-checkers, hundreds of contractors who conduct the surveys and, most important, the hundreds of thousands of reviewers in more than 100 cities.
Two years ago, Google tried - and failed - to buy Yelp, Zagat's biggest online competitor, for $500 million. Last year, Google introduced Places, a Yelp-like service for listing local businesses and collecting consumer reviews. But
the service has not collected the same volume of reviews as Yelp and others.
"It's a little bit of a consolation prize," Greg Sterling, an analyst with Opus Research, said of the Zagat deal. "They went after Yelp, which would have been a bigger prize for them for many reasons, including salespeople and a sexier brand. But this is a pretty strong acquisition."
The Zagats have tried to sell their company at least once before. In January 2008, they announced that they had hired Goldman Sachs to auction the publisher. But the couple called off the sales process six months later, after several buyers balked at the $200 million asking price.
The Google deal will end several troubles that have restricted the Zagats' attempt to expand an online business. Because the Zagat website is largely behind a subscriber pay wall, Google and other search engines did not rank the company's reviews high on their pages of results. Instead, the company has turned to a series of alliances with the likes of Facebook, Foursquare and, yes, Google.
Apple won an injunction in a Dutch court on Wednesday to stop Samsung Electronics from marketing three smartphone models in some European countries after alleging a breach of patents. Apple and Samsung are locked in a bruising patent fight in the United States, Europe and Asia, as they jostle for the top spot in the smartphone market after Nokia, the market leader for a decade, was ousted in the second quarter.
Apple, argued that Samsung had infringed on three of its patents. The court ruled that Samsung smartphones Galaxy S, S II and Ace breached just one of Apple's patents. The Apple patent allows for a certain method of scrolling or browsing through photos in some Samsung smartphones, the court added.
"It's no coincidence that Samsung's latest products look a lot like the iPhone and iPad, from the shape of the hardware to the user interface and even the packaging," Apple said. The court dismissed all other demands by Apple, saying there were no violations of two other Apple patents, no violations for Samsung's tablet computers Galaxy Tab, and no violations of model rights. And there was no "slavish style copying", the court added. The patent violation could be solved by making technical changes in the smartphones, the court ruled. This would then allow the sale of the smartphones.
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Initially all the business, companies and corporate world just had their websites on internet as just another status symbol. in recent year business around the world came to known about the true potential of internet when they came to known the term” internet marketing” which has infinity possibility , most cost efficient medium to market business . REACH – Initially all the earlier Business had Geographical Hurdles & Obstacles to Market and promote their business. Initially businessmen have to travel around the world to promote their business. Internet has made the world small. Globe has become small and globe village. Due to internet the distance is getting disappear day by day . marketing through social marketing , pay per click , bulk mailing , search engine optimization and various methods are available which helps business to give worldwide reach. 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Customer who is interested in buy comes searching you directly using internet medium. Internet marketing not only helps buyer to buy but also provide feedbacks and review about certain products & services .with the help of online marketing programmers’, business can reach to their clients worldwide. if physical people are employed to reach to so many places in the world then the costing would go very high and so many business would fail. Currently there are n- numbers of business & business model today who are only using internet marketing and running their business successfully with very less manpower. Direct marketing - the benefit of internet marketing is it can be used as a great tool for direct marketing as internet marketing encourage direct selling and no agents are involved in it . We all known that more middle men & agents more is the price of the product and services. With the help of internet the end customer can directly reach to buyer and hence for there is a drastic reduction in middle men. Direct sell benefit is given to the buyer from seller when they buy online as discounted prices & special offers . Conclusion is that, Internet marketing is easy buying and selling method rather than traditional marketing systems. Advertising & promotion using internet – compare to traditional advertising & marketing, online marketing is way cheaper medium to promote and advertise business. Online marketing not only saves lot of money but also help business to get increase ROI. Today online marketing has become important part of marketing mix and every business and companies are taking online marketing a smarter and serious medium to promote their business. Customer & after sale support - using internet 24 x7x 365 days live support can be given to the customers and clients and quickly the query can be solved and also new leads can be converted and this helps in customer retention and brand loyalty. Live chats and ticket systems Return on Investment - the internet marketing can save lot of money. When direct marketing is done using internet rather than traditional marketing the investment is very less and the increased ROI is possible. for example bulk mailer is more cheaper than sending millions of printed mailers to your target audience . online shopping decreases the middle men factor and most importantly the cost of manpower and physical place goes down to almost nothing . using internet has a medium of marketing one can save time, money & energy .
Apple Inc's (AAPL.O) increasingly effective patent war against rivals like Samsung Electronics (005930.KS) may mask its real target: arch-foe Google Inc (GOOG.O).
The maker of the iPad and iPhone has sued three of the largest manufacturers of Google's Android-based devices -- Samsung, Motorola (MMI.N) and HTC (2498.TW) -- for multiple patent infringements across multiple countries, pointing out "slavish copying" of design and "look and feel."
And the courts are beginning to listen: recent success in blocking sales of Samsung's latest Galaxy tablet in most of Europe and Apple's challenges to the Korean giant in Australia reflect an aggressive effort to defend its top position in the red-hot mobile market from the runaway success of Android.
While the lawsuits don't take direct aim at the operating software -- yet -- many of the features under contention are connected to and enhanced by it. Apple CEO Steve Jobs once referred to the software as being the soul of any device when he introduced the company's iOS 5 system in June.
Brian Marshall, an analyst with Gleacher & Co, said Apple is starting to flex its patent muscle with some early success but its real battle is with the Android software. "Apple doesn't really care too much about the actual OEMs."
Apple's lead is now under siege in smartphones from Google's free Android software, already the world's most-used mobile system with 550,000 devices activated every day.
Its momentum could be hampered by successful patent infringement lawsuits against adopters like Samsung.
"The way Google gets sucked into it is through the marketplace," Ron Laurie, managing director and patent consultant at Inflexion Point Strategy, said.
Any injunction won by Apple, if enforced, could mean that Android may be forced to take out the offending feature from its software design. "That would make it less attractive and people would go elsewhere," Laurie said.
Google Chairman Eric Schmidt has said rivals are responding to Android's success with lawsuits "as they cannot respond through innovations."
HIGH STAKES
At stake is a booming one-year-old market that analysts are already predicting will eclipse the decades-old PC market in a matter of years, a market that Apple fears Google's software could eventually dominate the way it now leads the smartphone arena.
The tablet market is expected to grow from under 20 million tablets last year to over 230 million in 2015.
While Apple is still the leader by far in the tablet market, research firm Informa expects tablets running Android to catch up with Apple's iPad and surpass it in 2016.
Samsung, experts say, has the best chance of attacking the iPad's commanding hold on the market. Apple's 75 percent share is expected to fall to 39 percent in 2015, when Android's will grow to 38 percent, according to Informa.
A less visible benefit of Apple waging and winning patent battles against the likes of Samsung, HTC and Motorola would be that Android may effectively no longer be free because of potential licensing costs that need to be paid to Apple.
Android's major vulnerability lies in the patent arena. Being a fairly new entrant in this market, Google hasn't built up enough intellectual property in the way Apple or Microsoft (MSFT.O) has.
"All this will end up making Android less 'free', Jean-Louis Gassee, venture capitalist and a former Apple executive, said. "But by how much? Five dollars a handset, no problem. Fifteen dollars -- then it is trouble."
Apple knows the power of licensing -- from the losing side as well. It recently forged a cross-licensing patent deal with Nokia (NOK1V.HE), agreeing to make a one-time payment in hundreds of millions of dollars and pay continuing royalties.
But it is Google that had been caught off guard in the patent battle, being historically and philosophically opposed to gathering them as a defensive or offensive move. But that is changing with Google now in the hunt for key patents.
This has sparked an expensive arms race between technology giants as they try to outbid each other to stockpile on valuable patent portfolios up for grabs.
In the high-profile tussle for 6,000 wireless patents from bankrupt Nortel Networks, Google kicked off the tug-of-war with a stalking horse bid of $900 million -- far greater than anyone expected. But Apple -- allying with Microsoft, Sony and others
-- swooped in to snap them up eventually for $4.5 billion, a -- swooped in to snap them up eventually for $4.5 billion, a price tag that sent shockwaves through the industry.
Google's chief lawyer, David Drummond, last week lashed out against Apple and others, accusing them of "a hostile, organized campaign against Android by Microsoft, Oracle, Apple and other companies, waged through bogus patents."
In the wake of the injunction against the Galaxy in Europe, Apple is seeking a similar ruling against Motorola's Xoom in German court. It won a preliminary ruling last month from a U.S. trade panel that HTC infringed two of Apple's patents.
But Apple is not the only one enforcing patent rights on Android mobile devices. Microsoft recently settled a suit with HTC over the Taiwanese company's Android devices. Oracle (ORCL.O) is seeking billions of dollars from Google for infringing on Java patents through its Android system.
Analysts expect Apple to continue to be the aggressor.
"It's clear that the tablet wars are going to be fought on many, many fronts," Michael Gartenberg, technology analyst with Gartner. "Clearly lots of companies are seeing opportunities here who don't plan on ceding the market to Apple, and Apple is using everything in its arsenal to defend itself."
Google kicked up a dust storm this week, publicly whining about Microsoft, Apple, and others ganging up against it to pursue patent violations by its Android mobile operating system.
It's hard to be too sympathetic to Google. While there are few who don't believe that patent reform is desperately needed, Google is a giant company with deep pockets that has tried to play the same patent acquisition game as the companies it criticized. It just hasn't played the game as well.
The problem for Google is that it has few alternatives to carping about competitors. Android has had remarkable success since debuting in 2007, becoming the most widely used smartphone operating system in the United States. But because Google entered the smartphone market so late, its patent portfolio, relative to rivals, is thin.
Just look at the numbers: According to MDB Capital Group, an investment banking firm that focuses on intellectual property, Google has applied for or been granted 317 mobile device patents in the United States. Microsoft, which is something of a patent factory, has 2,594 patents or patent applications for mobile device technology. Microsoft's new partner, Nokia, has applied for or been granted 2,655 patents.
That's left Google vulnerable to the current state of patent litigation. Typically, a company with a patent threatens to sue, or actually sues, another company that it believes has infringed on its innovation. The common defense is for the accused company to find one of its own patents that the accusing company has infringed upon and threaten a counter-suit. That gives it the ammunition to propose cross-licensing deals that keep both companies out of court.
But with so few mobile device patents, Google is hard-pressed to do that kabuki dance. Its senior management is clearly frustrated to have to play the patent game in a system that so many--even some of the companies that are playing--believe is broken.
"That's why they're crying," said MDB chief executive Christopher A. Marlett. "Google is really in a bad position. They're going to have to fight like hell."
That frustration led its chief legal officer David Drummond to blog on Wednesday about "a hostile, organized campaign against Android by Microsoft, Oracle, Apple and other companies, waged through bogus patents." That post sparked a tit-for-tat between the company and Microsoft, each denying the other's claims and raising new charges.
An accusatory missive from Google's chief legal officer isn't going to alter those dynamics. But Drummond did hint at other options.
"We're also looking at other ways to reduce the anti-competitive threats against Android by strengthening our own patent portfolio," Drummond wrote.
CNET has learned that the company is exploring ways to create incentives for employees to add patents to its portfolio from work done internally. But that only helps so much.
Google also seems likely to become more aggressive in buying up patents, much the same way its rivals have. As much as Google appears to loathe playing the patent game, spending money to prevent litigation rather than innovating, it may have come to realize that it has no other alternative. And with $39.1 billion in cash as of June 30, it certainly has the financial wherewithal to bid against Microsoft, which has $52.8 billion in cash, and Apple, which has $75.9 billion in cash.
Already, the company has dipped into its coffers. Late last month, Google bought 1,000 patents from IBM, covering a broad swath of innovation from Web-based querying to servers and routers. And the company bid earlier in the year for some 6,000 patents and patent applications held by Nortel Networks. It ultimately lost that battle to a $4.5 billion offer from a consortium that included Apple and Microsoft.
Sources say that Google is now eyeing wireless technology developer InterDigital, after the King of Prussia, Pa., company hired investment banks in July to consider bids. But so are Apple, Samsung and others, according to reports. Even as the stock market has tanked, InterDigital's shares have climbed 62 percent since it put itself on the block, giving the company a market capitalization north of $3 billion.
MDB's Marlett thinks that Google may need to act more boldly. Eastman Kodak recently said it's considering selling some 1,100 patents related to digital imaging, important technology for mobile phones. He expects Google to bid aggressively for those, competing against Apple, among others.
Marlett thinks it might even make sense for Google to bid for BlackBerry-maker Research In Motion, which holds 3,134 patents and patent applications for mobile devices. The company's stock has soured since the beginning of the year as it's struggled to compete with Android and the iPhone, so much so that it now has a $12.3 billion market cap.
"Google has got to make a strike," Marlett said. "They need to fortify their defense."
Be Social on the Phone
While Google+ is still an early-stage trial, if the service is ever going to gain traction, it has to get in the mobile space where the majority of social networking is now done. So, the iPhone app was inevitable, and even though there are fewer than 20 million users, it has shot to the top of the iTunes free apps list.
While there are reports that it's a bit buggy, and, in a brief test, it's not quite as polished as the web service — which itself is pretty much a hollow shell, waiting to be filled — the app helps users check their stream, join a huddle, view photos, edit their profile and add contacts to their circles on the go. In the battle with Facebook, it's a good start.
if you understand google search engine list you can do better search engine optimization.because it is divided geographical and according to various content and countries . if you have target audience in africa you will work on google search engine african extension such as
According to your target audience if you do seo activity you will get better search engine results .
Following is the list of google world wide extension
Africa
Asia
Europe
Middle East
North America
Central & South America
Caribbean
Pacific
“A person will work for a living, but they’ll die for recognition.” I’m not sure who I heard that from first, but it’s just as true for agencies and companies as it is for individuals. One common way to recognize excellence is through awards. There are awards for just about every industry from software to design to public relations. What about search marketing?
Awards are like lists. They’re valuable in part, because they include, but mostly exclude. The motivation for organizations to run award programs varies greatly from being a source of revenue from entry and sponsorship fees to seeking to advance the industry by recognizing it’s finest to something in between. Many SEM awards focus on paid search and attract large agencies in that space. Others offer a variety of categories.
Here are 10 awards opportunities for in-house and agency professionals in the Search Engine Marketing industry.
DMA International ECHO Awards > Search Marketing Category
The Search Marketing Award recognizes the most creative and strategic use of Internet search technology to achieve a direct marketing objective. Includes Search engine optimization (SEO) and pay-per-click (PPC) advertising.
- Entry fee: $225 to $350 depending on date of entry
- Note: (Disclosure: TopRank has been a judge for several years)
- Next call for entries: Approximately April 2010
OMMA Awards > Online Advertising Creativity Category > Search Marketing
OMMA Awards recognize the year’s best ads, promotions, campaigns and websites in online media, marketing and advertising with 28 award categories for Online Advertising Creativity, one of which is Search Marketing.
- Entry fee: $195 per single ad/execution entry and $325 per campaign or website entry
- Note: Award site is in Flash, no dedicated page for SEM you can point to.
- Next call for entries: Approximately August 2010
IAB MIXX Awards > Search Marketing Category
As part of Advertising Week, the MIXX Awards stats that it is the only international interactive awards competition judged by an all-star panel representing the entire interactive advertising ecosystem—brand marketers with direct control over many of the largest advertising budgets in the country, major media company executives and advertising agency experts who create campaigns for the world’s most powerful brands.
- Entry fee: $295 per campaign and includes entry into one category; the entry fee is $150 for each additional category.
- Note: There are two phases, screening and finals.
- Next call for entries: Approximately July 2010
ad:tech Awards > Search Marketing Category
For more than a decade, the ad:tech awards program has recognized talented visual and technology designers who demonstrate excellence in interactive marketing with submissions in the following categories: Interactive Ads, Interactive Campaigns, Optimization/Search Strategy and Web Sites.
- Entry fee: $255.00/category for each ad or campaign
- Note: Award site is in Flash, no dedicated page for SEM you can point to.
- Next call for entries: Approximately January 2010
PROMO Interactive Marketing Awards > Search Marketing Category
The program honors the best and brightest in effective interactive marketing—and recognizes the valuable role that interactive tactics play in motivating consumer response and creating strong, exciting brands.
- Entry fee: $200 per entry
- Note: For this magazine sponsored award program, you have to register to see the winners & register again to see the webinar announcing the winners.
- Next call for entries: January 1, 2010
Econsultancy Innovation Awards > PPC & SEO Categories
New in 2009, the Innovation Awards are a natural progression from our commitment to recognizing innovation in the industry, as demonstrated by our regularly updated Innovation Report and a chance to receive acclaim as an innovator, be recognized by your industry peers and stand out from the crowd.
- Entry fee: $195
- Note: While this is a new Awards program, Econsultancy has a community of 80,000 members worldwide.
- Next call for entries: Deadline 23 October 2009
Search Engine Watch Awards > Various Search Marketing Categories
The mission of the SEW Awards is to recognize excellence, as well as inspire innovation and encourage new ideas in search marketing. The SEW Awards honors 14 outstanding search marketers, search engines and technology providers.
- Entry fee: $145 per entry
- Note: (Disclosure: TopRank was a judge this year)
- Next call for entries: Approximately July 2010
Yahoo! Searchlight Award > Search Marketing
The Yahoo! Searchlight Award represents Yahoo!’s commitment to the best and most creative search advertising ideas and executions recognizing advertising agencies that develop search marketing applications outside of the tried and true direct response mindset.
- Entry fee: ?
- Note: It doesn’t say a Yahoo Paid Search campaign is required, but probably a great idea to include in your submission.
- Next call for entries: Early December 2009
ClickZ Marketing Excellence Awards > Search Ad Management
ClickZ Marketing Excellence Awards recognize the technologies, and companies that made a positive difference in the online marketing industry.
- Entry fee: $49 per nomination
- Note: These awards are not for campaigns, but rather the technologies that enable best of breed online marketing execution in the areas of paid search, analytics, email, mobile and social media.
- Next call for entries: Approximately March to April 2010.
Business Marketing Association Pro-Comm > Search/Blog/Online Mindshare Campaign Category
Pro-Comm is ranked as one of the advertising industry’s premier award programs, drawing hundreds of entries annually from b-to-b marketing agencies and clients from all around the U.S.
- Entry fee: $150 – $225 depending on early bird rate and member/non-member
- Note: This award is specifically for BtoB marketing.
- Next call for entries: Approximately March 2010
There are also various regional awards programs from marketing related associations such as the EIMA (Excellence in Interactive Marketing Awards) run by the Dallas Ft Worth Interactive Marketing Association plus other kinds of awards such as the SEMMYs (TopRank is a judge), which recognizes the top search marketing blog posts each year and the Marketing Pilgrim Search Engine Marketing Scholarship (TopRank is a judge), which is a contest to create and promote quality SEM content.
Promotion World and a few other similar sites promote top SEO/SEM awards, but judging isn’t done by a panel of industry verterans as with the other awards programs listed above and without 3rd party scrutiny or detailed judging information.
Have we missed any? What influential Search Marketing Awards should we add to this list? Do you have experience with any of the above awards programs? Good or bad, our readers would love to learn more.